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River, he gave equal attention to historic artifacts and assemblages. His “Dating Stem Fragments of Seventeenth and Eighteenth Century Clay Tobacco Pipes” (Harrington 1954) created a new absolute dating technique with global application.
Outside the laboratory and away from the field Harrington was equally a pioneer. He wrote the first survey of North American historical archaeology in 1952, and the article “Archaeology as an Auxiliary Science to American History” (Harrington 1955) initially defined the field and its relationship to history and the social sciences. He also carried the message of this new area of scholarship to the public in a number of popular articles. He was the first historical archaeologist named in the National Geographic Magazine (1942), and his well-written booklet Archaeology and the Historical Society (Harrington 1965) was widely distributed.
By January 1967, Harrington was fully retired from his thirty-year career in the National Park Service, but he was still a key player in the founding of the society for historical archaeology at its organizational meeting that year in Dallas, Texas. That society, in turn, honored Harrington in 1981 when it established the j. c. harrington medal in historical archaeology, the highest and most prestigious award given worldwide within the discipline.
References
Harrington, J.C. 1954. “Dating Stem Fragments of Seventeenth and Eighteenth Century Clay Tobacco Pipes.” Quarterly Bulletin of the Archaeological Society of Virginia 9, no. 1: 10–14.
———. 1955. “Archaeology as an Auxiliary Science to American History.” American Anthropologist 37, nos. 3–4: 181–188.
———. 1962. “Search for the Cittie of Raleigh.” Archaeological Research Series no. 6. Washington, DC: National Park Service.
———. 1965. Archaeology and the Historical Society. American Association for State and Local History.
Tell Hassuna is a prehistoric site found on the Tigris River in northern Iraq. It was first excavated by Seton Lloyd and Fuad Safar during World War II, when Lloyd was an adviser to the Iraq Department of Antiquities. The site is late Neolithic in age (about the sixth millennium b.c.) and is the type site of the Hassuna cultural complex, which features Hassuna, Samarran, and Halaf styles.
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A large cave in Cyrenaica (Libya) excavated by charles mcburney during the 1950s and subsequently extensively published by him. Rich deposits span the Upper Paleolithic (earliest dates on this site from around 47,000 b.c.) to the Holocene. The lowest levels of the site have not been excavated but the complex sequence of stone tool industries defined by McBurney from this site mark it as the most complete in North Africa.
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(1871–1945)
Harriet Hawes was born into a wealthy manufacturing family in New England and graduated from Smith College in 1892. Four years later, inspired by recent excavations on Crete, she joined the american school of classical studies at athens. Discovering that female students were unable to participate in the school’s excavations and encouraged by English archaeologists sir arthur evans and david hogarth, Hawes decided to use her fellowship money to finance her own excavations. She chose a site at Kavousi in eastern Crete, where she excavated early–Iron Age houses and tombs.
The results of her excavations were published in 1897 in the american journal of archaeology and were the basis of her master’s thesis, which she completed at Smith College in 1901. That same year Hawes began to excavate Gournia, a Bronze-Age town that is still the only well-preserved urban Minoan site on Crete. This time, however, she
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