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Evans, Sir Arthur

(1851–1941)

Arthur Evans was the eldest son of the famous geologist and antiquary sir john evans. The father’s friendship with many notable archaeologists such as Sir John Lubbock (lord avebury), hugh falconer, augustus pitt rivers, and gustaf montelius must have had an impact on his son Arthur, and the death of his mother when he was six resulted in a close relationship between father and son. Arthur Evans attended Harrow School and Oxford University and graduated in history in 1874. Independently wealthy, Evans traveled to Germany to study for a year, and he then went to Bosnia, Herzegovina, finland, and Lapland. He pursued independent research on the history and antiquities of the southern Slavic peoples and became an advocate of Illyrian independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He returned to England in 1878 and married Margaret Freeman.

In 1883, Evans and his wife left for an extended tour of greece, meeting heinrich schliemann in Athens and visiting his sites. Seeing preclassical Mycenean civilization captured and kept Evans’s interest for the rest of his life. He returned to England to become keeper of the ashmolean museum in Oxford, restoring its collections and rehousing them in a new building. In 1894, a year after the death of his wife, Evans traveled to Crete for the first time.

His subsequent passion for Cretan archaeology was the result of his interest in the nature and extent of oriental influences on the cultures of early Europe. He returned to Crete in 1895 and 1896 and successfully negotiated the purchase of one-quarter of Kephala Hill at Knossos from its Turkish owner. He was able to purchase the rest in 1899 after the Turks had been driven from Crete as a reward for his public support of Greek independence.