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Cotter, John L.

(1911–1999)

One of the pioneers in establishing historical archaeology in North America, John L. Cotter had an earlier career in prehistoric studies. As a graduate student, he helped excavate the famous Paleo-Indian site of Lindenmeier in Colorado (1934–1936) and the Clovis typesite at Blackwater Draw, New Mexico (1936–1937). After receiving his master’s degree in anthropology from the University of Denver in 1935, he worked extensively in the southeastern United States, especially in Kentucky and along the Natchez Trace Parkway in Mississippi. Administratively, he also had experience in southwestern prehistory, serving during the 1940s as the National Park Service supervisor for the Tuzigoot National Monument in Arizona.

Cotter’s primary contribution was helping to establish historical archaeology in North America. In 1953, he was assigned by the National Park Service to jamestown, virginia (the first permanent English settlement in America in 1607), and there he directed—with the help of Edward B. Jelks, Louis Caywood, Joel