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(This volume contains a comprehensive bibliography of Tallgren’s published works.)
———. 1960. Tehty työ elää. A. M. Tallgren 1885–1945. Helsinki.
Kokkonen, Jyri. 1985. aarne michaël tallgren and Eurasia Septentrionalis Antiqua. Finland: Fennoscandia Archaeologica II.
Tanum, an area of northern Bohuslän, southern sweden, has a tremendous wealth of rock art sites, most of them attributed to the Bronze Age, about 3,000 years ago. At that time, the sea level was twenty-five meters higher than at present, and many of the images were carved very close to water. There are thousands of petroglyphs (rock carvings), most of which are figures of warriors (armed men), circles, boats, vehicles, oxen, or plows at Tanum.
Many of the decorated rock surfaces face the sun, and the most visited have now been painted in for easy viewing and photography by the public, a practice that is now frowned on by most specialists—it is possible that they were painted in the Bronze Age, but there is no evidence for this. The so-called Cobbler figure at Backa was the subject of the earliest known rock-art drawing in Europe (seventeenth century b.c.).
Tanum was also the place where Carl Georg Brunius (1792–1869), son of the local parson, made his pioneering drawings of the petroglyphs, a major milestone in rock-art studies that remains almost unknown outside Scandinavia. Today, the best-known and most-visited site is the huge rock of Vitlycke, which has almost 300 figures including the famous “bridal couple.”
See also
After earlier involvement in archaeology in Great Britain, Joan du Plat Taylor became assistant curator of the Cyprus Museum in 1932, a post she held until the outbreak of World War II, when she served in the Ministry of Information. She was later, for twenty-five years, librarian in the Institute of Archaeology, London University. She undertook numerous minor excavations in cyprus, but her most important work was at two late–Bronze Age sites: Apliki (excavated in 1939) and Myrtou-Pighades (1950–1951).
Apliki, in the northern foothills of the Mount Troodos, remains the only good example of a mining village of the late Cypriot Bronze Age. The excavations at Myrtou-Pighades (a joint project of the ashmolean museum, Oxford, and the University of Cyprus) exposed the earliest intramural cult center known in Cyprus within one of the most extensive settlements in the northwestern part of the island.
(1913–1997)
Walter Willard Taylor was born 17 October 1913 in Chicago, Illinois, and was raised in Greenwich, Connecticut. A Yale University graduate (A.B., 1935), he conducted archaeological fieldwork in Georgia, Arizona, New Mexico, and Coahuila, mexico.
Taylor enlisted in the U.S. Marine Corps in 1942 and was sent to Algeria after earning his Ph.D. from Harvard University (1943). He served with distinction in Algeria, Italy, and France (receiving the Bronze Star with citation and the Purple Heart). Captured and interned by the Germans, he taught anthropology and geology in two prisoner of war camps; among the prisoners he taught was an Englishman, Philip J. C. Dark, who, with Taylor’s help, earned his Ph.D. in anthropology from Yale in 1954 and became a noted authority on African and Melanesian art.
A furor erupted after the 1948 publication of A Study of Archeology, the revised version of Taylor’s doctoral dissertation. Most of the reaction centered on Taylor’s damning critique of pre–World War II American archaeology in which Taylor specifically criticized the work of six leading archaeologists: alfred v. kidder, E. W. Haury, F. H. H. Roberts, Jr., W. S. Webb, W. A. Ritchie, and james b. griffin. In response, Taylor always maintained that his critique was solely theoretical and methodological, but colleagues and students of the six leading archaeologists perceived Taylor’s criticisms as prejudicial rather
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