form of ear pendant recovered from Duyong Cave was a double-headed one, probably horse heads, which is a superb example of jade carving in prehistoric times. The designs on the jade earring projections are derived from a stylized bud design, and in many instances a simple point with concave sides also appears in jade bracelets found in the cave.

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Human figures from a burial jar found in Manunggul Cave

(Wilfredo P. Ronquillo)

Archaeological excavations were undertaken in sixteen of the hundreds of caves known to exist at Lipuun Point, in Quezon, and on Palawan Island, caves used either as habitation or burial sites. The data generated indicate an extensive localized temporal range, a flaked stone tool tradition dating from the late Pleistocene and early post-Pleistocene periods (50,000–9,000 years ago); and a jar-burial complex from the late Neolithic period and continuing into the developed metal age (890 b.c. through to approximately 100 b.c.). In two caves in northern Palawan,